When
you are sick, Antibiotics are not always the answer.
Antibiotics are among the most powerful and important medicines known.
When used properly they can save lives, when used improperly they can actually
harm us. It is important to understand that antibiotics should not be used
for viral infections, and equally important for everyone to learn about
the differences between bacterial and viral infections.
What is the difference between viral and bacterial
infection?
Two main types of germs - bacteria and viruses - cause most infections.
In fact, viruses cause most coughs and sore throats, and cause all
colds. Bacterial infections can be cured by antibiotics, but common
viral infections never are. You recover from common viral infections
when the illness has run its course.
When should I see my doctor?
- Fever or sore throat lasting longer than 3 days
- Symptoms lasting longer than 1 week
- Any change in your ability to
breathe
When are antibiotics needed?
- Ear infections: There are several types, most need antibiotics, but
some do not.
- Sinus infections: Many people with thick or green
mucus do not have sinus infections. Antibiotics may be needed in some
long lasting
or severe cases
- Cough or bronchitis: Rarely need antibiotics.
- Sore throat: Most cases
are caused by a virus. Only "strep throat" requires
antibiotics. This kind must be diagnosed by a laboratory test.
- Colds: Colds are caused by viruses and may sometimes
last for 2 weeks or more.
What is resistant bacteria?
Each time we take antibiotics, sensitive bacteria are killed,
but resistant ones may be left to grow and multiply. Repeated
use and
improper use of antibiotics are some of the main causes of the
increase in resistant bacteria. These resistant bacteria can
also be spread
to others in your family and your community.
If
you take an antibiotic when you have a viral infection you
may destroy bacteria that are normally present in your body.
The bacteria
are replaced with "bad" bacteria that can spread resistance
to antibiotics. These "bad" bacteria may also be the
cause of side effects from antibiotics like upset stomach and
diarrhea.
4
easy rules to follow if you do need an antibiotic :
- Work with your doctor. Do not request an antibiotic if he or she
thinks it is not needed. Also, when your doctor prescribes an
antibiotic, ask why you are getting it.
- Finish the bottle. Do not stop taking the medicine when you feel
better.
- Do not skip doses. You may decrease the level of antibiotic in
your body giving some bacteria a chance to survive.
- Do not be tempted by leftover
drugs from
a previous infection. This helps bacteria become resistant. (Following
rule 2 will help
you with
this rule).
SYMPTOMATIC CARE
When you have a cold, bronchitis or upper respiratory tract infection
you can talk with your doctor or other health care provider about
alternatives to antibiotics. If you choose to use an over-the-counter
product to ease the symptoms associated with an infection remember
how important it is to read the label of any product. Also, keep
in mind no over-the-counter product will cure your infection. They
may only make you feel better while the infection runs its natural
course. You also want to get plenty of rest to help your body fight
the infection and drink plenty of fluids.
Tips for preventing infection:
- Wash your hands often
- Keep immunizations up to date
- Be aware of what you eat, and be careful
how you prepare it
- Use antibiotics exactly as prescribed
Be sure to contact your health
care provider if you have questions concerning
the use of antibiotics and infections.
* Provided by
the physicians of Family Practice Medical Center
of Willmar PA
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